High quality and efficient cultivation technology of fresh corn

Fresh Corn is nutritious, sweet and delicious, and everyone likes it. It is very popular among consumers. It is easy to grow, good to sell, high in efficiency, labor saving than growing vegetables, and making money than growing melons. It is a good way for farmers to get rich. The cultivation techniques are now introduced as follows:

The selection of good varieties should be based on the different purposes of planting, processing and utilization. Such as white sticky corn, plant height 2 ~ 2.5 meters, 80 days of green eating period, squat can replant autumn vegetables. The ear is about 20 cm long and about 5 cm thick. The grain is white, and it is white, sticky, fragrant and sweet. It is of good quality and delicious. It is an excellent early-maturing white corn variety. Black pearl corn is a variety of early-maturing black corn varieties. The green diet is about 80 days, the ear length is about 18-20 cm, the thickness is 4-6 cm, the grain is yellow, the nutrition is rich, the viscosity is high, and the sweetness is full. In addition, it is suitable for the cultivation of fresh corn, as well as yellow sticky corn, glutinous No. 1 corn and so on.

Appropriate batch planting in spring, when the ground temperature is stable above 12 °C, sowing is easy to cause rotten seeds. In the south of the Yangtze River, it is generally planted in late March, and in early June, fresh ears are harvested. Cultivation measures such as mulching, seedling transplanting, etc. can be planted early to raise the morning market. The autumn cultivation is planted at the end of July at the latest, and the fresh ears are harvested in the middle of October. The late sowing is not mature. For the morning market, seedlings can be raised from the end of March to the beginning of April, and management will be strengthened during the seedling period to cultivate strong seedlings for transplanting. Corn seeds generally germinate when the temperature in the field is above 12 °C, and seed treatment at 12 °C or above can increase the seedling emergence rate of Sweet Corn seeds. Seed treatment has three methods: glycerin, acetone, and seed coating. Among them, glycerin and acetone are simple and easy to handle, and the effect is the best; seed coating treatment is more cumbersome, but it can significantly improve the field emergence rate and seedling quality, and increase the yield of Sweet Corn Maize by 4%~11%.

Fresh corn planted with reasonable close-planting seedlings was covered with plastic film at the end of April, and watered in time to stabilize the seedlings. For direct sowing, in the suitable sowing period, 2~3 seeds are planted at each hole of the hole sowing, and the seed amount per mu is about 2 kg. The spring sowing density is 4,000 per acre, and the planting in summer and autumn can increase the density appropriately, leaving one plant per hole. In principle, the early broadcast should be dilute, and the late broadcast should be dense; the low water and fertilizer should be dense, and the high water and fertilizer should be thin. The planting density varies among different varieties. For example, the optimal planting density of Suyu No. 1 is 7,000-8,000 plants per mu.

Isolation and cultivation of fresh corn is easy to match with ordinary corn string flowers. After the flowering, the unique sweet, sticky, fragrant, tender and other qualities are degraded, and the edible taste is deteriorated. Therefore, fresh corn and ordinary corn should be isolated and planted. Such as sweet corn, such as Meiyu No. 3, must also be isolated from ordinary sweet and Waxy Corn to ensure the astringency and sweetness. The isolation method has time isolation, space isolation, barrier isolation, and the like. Space isolation, different types of corn fields should be separated by 300~400 meters; time is isolated, different types of corn are staggered for more than 20 days, so that the two flowering periods are not met; barrier isolation, using natural barriers such as hills, trees, houses, etc., blocking other types of corn Pollen is introduced to reduce the cross-powder between different corn varieties.

Strengthen field management field management should be timely and closely linked, mainly to do the following work: First, reasonable fertilizer. Apply enough base fertilizer to replenish seedling fertilizer, apply early, apply heavy panicle fertilizer, and mainly use organic fertilizer. According to the principle of controlling nitrogen, increasing phosphorus and supplementing potassium, the type and quantity of fertilizer are determined. The ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 10:4:5, 1000~2000 kg of organic fertilizer per acre and 20~30 kg of compound fertilizer. The ratio of nitrogen application to base fertilizer and boot fertilizer is 4:6 or 5:5. Fresh corn should pay attention to heavy application of panicle fertilizer. Generally, fresh corn requires 1000-1500 kg of organic fertilizer per acre, 15 kg of chemical nitrogen, 7 kg of phosphorus pentoxide and 5-10 kg of potassium oxide. Organic fertilizer and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer are mainly based on base. After transplanting, use the thin manure to apply live manure, and the seedling fertilizer should be applied early and diligently. Re-application of tapping fertilizer, generally accounted for more than 50% of the total amount of nitrogen fertilizer, according to the characteristics of different varieties. For example, Su Yujing No. 1 can be applied when seeing 13~14 leaves. Pay attention to cultivating and weeding during the growing period to keep the soil loose and ventilated. In the case of drought, timely irrigation, the best effect of furrow irrigation. Early corn has strong tillering ability, and the tillers should be removed in time to avoid consumption of nutrients and water. When there is too much rain in the field, the drainage of the ditch should be dredged in time so that the corn is not affected by waterlogging.

The safe use of drugs is harmful to the pests and diseases of fresh corn. It mainly requires aphids, corn borers, and chafers. In the early stage, it will reduce the yield of the ear, and the entry into the ear after flowering will affect the appearance of the ear, and it is easy to infect the disease. Therefore, pest control of fresh corn must be kept up to date. It is necessary to adopt agricultural control, biological control, physical control, and minimize the use of chemical pesticides. It is necessary to master the concentration and method of application, and strictly prohibit the application of highly toxic pesticides. For example, it is strictly forbidden to use pesticides with high toxicity and long residual period in the "trumpet" period and the ear stage. For the control of corn mash, BT emulsion, dichlorvos and trichlorfon can be used. BT emulsion, 150ml per acre, plus 15~20kg of dry fine soil, formulated into granules, 3~4g per strain; 90% crystal trichlorfon 800~1000 times liquid or 50% dichlorvos EC 800~1000 times liquid irrigation tassel, 10 ml per plant.

Harvesting fresh corn in a timely manner should be harvested in time, too old and too tender will affect the diet. The harvesting period of fresh sweet waxy corn depends on the characteristics of the variety, the planting area, the use and the local climate characteristics. According to the water content of the grain, the sugar content, and the flavor and taste, the harvesting period is determined. Generally, the harvesting of waxy corn is suitable for 20~25 days after silk pollination, and the harvesting time of sweet corn is 18~20 days after silkworm pollination. The harvesting should be completed within 2~3 days. After the late-sold fresh corn tender ears were harvested, they were treated with corn preservatives, stored for 10 months as fresh as early, and Xia Cundong sold doubled. Farmers can use the tank to store water, store the color for 3 to 4 months, fresh and fresh, and the income in the off-season is high.