Waxy corn characteristics and production technology

1. Characteristics and Uses of Waxy Maize Waxy Corn is a new type of corn that has been mutated and then artificially bred. Its grain endosperm starch is 100% amylopectin, which is boiled and sticky and rich. Sticky corn. Since the starch in Waxy Corn Kernels is completely composed of amylopectin, and is controlled by fleas, it has special applications in food quality and industrial production. (I) Suitable for Fresh Corn and waxy Corn Kernels, the general sugar content is 7%-9%, the total dry matter content is 33%-38%, and the lysine content is 16%-74% higher than that of normal corn. Sweet Corn contains richer nutrients and better palatability, and its grains are soft and fragrant, with thin skin, no slag, and many contents, which are easy to digest and absorb. As fresh corn, the development prospects are very optimistic. (b) Suitable for processing specialty foods Waxy corn kernels are boiled into porridge, such as pearls, sticky and thick, rich in nutrients, accompanied by red beans, longan, etc., can be made into pearl porridge, stimulate appetite, easy to digest, regulate People's food structure. Waxy corn can also be processed into powder, which can be used as a staple food to improve the simplification of current master food varieties. (C) is an important raw material for modern industry Waxy corn is an important raw material for the wine industry. It can be made into a unique high-quality yellow rice wine; it can also process and produce 95%-100% pure natural amylopectin, which is simple and convenient. It can eliminate the separation or denaturalization processing of amylopectin from ordinary corn processing. Amylopectin is widely used in food, textile, papermaking, adhesives, foundry, construction and oil drilling, and pharmaceutical industries. (4) The daily weight gain of the high-quality, high-priced fodder for corn for feed is significantly increased, and the milk yield of dairy cows for waxy corn production is significantly increased. In addition, the stems and leaves of waxy corn are also good green fodder. Health. The development of aquaculture in the development of Glutinous Corn crops will enable the development and utilization of the stems and leaves of waxy corn. Second, the growth characteristics of waxy corn Waxy corn compared to ordinary corn, the lower grain weight, and thus the seedlings are weak; the leaf speed, ear differentiation process of the same age as ordinary corn. The largest leaf of the general plant is also the leaf of the ear. The dynamic manifestation of leaf area of the population was slow growth in the early stage, rapid growth in the middle period, and rapid decay in the later period. In the process of its fertility, the dry matter accumulation of the population is in the same "S" curve as that of ordinary corn. The grain weight of waxy corn is generally lighter than that of ordinary corn. The grain filling process shows the characteristics of short filling period, fast filling speed, and rapid dehydration of grains. Third, the production technology of waxy corn (a) the choice of varieties of waxy maize varieties, in addition to pay attention to the varieties of high yield and quality traits, but also pay attention to meet the needs of different consumers, and the variety of the main epidemic of the disease has occurred in the local corn Should have higher resistance. (II) Arrangement of production season Seasonal arrangements for growing waxy corn must be considered in conjunction with product use and other factors: 1. For the purpose of direct harvesting of fresh fruit ear for the market or processing of canned food, we must first predict the market's consumption capacity and the factory's processing capacity, and scientifically arrange the production season and planting area of waxy corn according to the sales volume and processing volume. Because the harvest period of glutinous corn is very short, generally 22-28 days after pollination, it must be controlled within the harvest period of the harvest or marketed into waxy corn products. If you want to extend the time-to-market or processing time, you should use the staged sowing in production, with the method of planting early, middle and late-maturing varieties. In addition, we should also pay attention to the rational use of green stalks to further improve its comprehensive economic benefits. 2. For the purpose of harvesting mature kernels, the production season is in principle the same as that of normal corn. (3) Isolation of a recessive gene mutant in which the tan corn gene belongs to the endosperm trait. When it is crossed with ordinary corn or other corn, the seeds of contemporary crops will lose their susceptibility to normal corn. Therefore, it is necessary to plant glutinous corn. isolation. There are two methods of isolation: First, distance isolation, that is, the field within 200m of the surrounding can not be used to plant other types of corn; second, time difference isolation requires that the flowering period differ by more than 30 days to avoid string hybridization. (4) The sowing density and group control sowing technique are the same as the sowing process of ordinary corn. In general, the suitable density for high yield is 4,500-5,500 plants per acre, slightly higher for early maturing varieties, slightly lower for late maturing varieties, and slightly higher for spring broadcasting of the same variety than summer broadcasting. While grasping the appropriate density, the productive potential should be tapped by improving the uniformity of the group. Due to the different emergence environment and the quality of the seeds of waxy corn, the quality of the seed itself is often poor. This difference will increase with the growth process, and there will be large seedlings, seedlings, spikelets and spikelets, which will not form high light. Effective groups, affecting production. Therefore, efforts should be made to improve the quality of sowing, so that the number of emergence of 2-3 times the number of appropriate spikes; 3-4 leaves according to the seedlings partial application Miao Fei promote balance; 5-6 leaves in addition to weak seedlings, Dingmiao to the appropriate density of the upper limit; At the same time, aiming at the characteristics of the strong tillerability of glutinous corn, we will promptly exercise the right to promote the formation of strong seedlings (v) For waxy corn sown during spring fertilization, the amount of fertilizer applied is N2.24kg, P2050.85kg, and K201.61kS for every 100kg of grain produced. Therefore, the type and amount of fertilizer should be determined based on the target yield. Fertilization method is the same as normal corn. (6) Moisture management and control of pests and weeds The water requirement characteristics of waxy corn are similar to those of ordinary corn. Pay attention to anti-staining at the seedling stage, and pay attention to drought prevention in the middle and late stages. Compared with ordinary corn, there are special requirements for pest control of waxy corn. The insect pests of waxy corn are mainly the soil pests at the seedling stage and the corn borer at the ear stage. For these situations, the following measures can be taken: 1. When sowing can be used phoxim or 2000-3000 times dimethoate solution seed dressing, control of earthworms, earthworms, earthworms and other underground pests harm. 2. For waxy maize production fields aiming at picking fresh corn, it is better to use biological control methods to control corn borer, that is, to inoculate Trichogramma eggs during the big bell mouth period to control the occurrence and harm of corn borer. If it is necessary to use chemical pesticides to control corn borer, low-level pesticides should be used to prevent and treat them in the small bell-mouth period. The dosage should be as small as possible, that is, use caution, use less, use pesticides earlier, and control the underground pests scientifically and effectively. Do not leave pesticide residues on milk spikes to produce pollution-free waxy corn products. 3. For waxy corn with harvested grains, the control of corn borer can be irrigated during the big bell-mouth period, and the amount of 1 kg of carbofuran granules used per acre is mainly used for disease prevention and control. The prevention and treatment of grass damage is mainly carried out by combining topdressing and cultivating. (7) The timely harvesting of waxy corn for the purpose of picking fresh corn should be timely harvested in the late milking period; for the harvested waxy corn, the requirements for harvesting are the same as those for ordinary corn, ie when the grain appears black powder layer can be harvested.